Records : RECORD « PL SQL Data Types « Oracle PL/SQL Tutorial

Oracle PL/SQL Tutorial
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Oracle PL/SQL Tutorial » PL SQL Data Types » RECORD 
21. 30. 1. Records

A record is a group of related data items stored in attributes, each with its own name and datatype.

Records types are used in PL/SQL code (for example, as parameters of functions/procedures), but not in any SQL (views, table definitions, stored datatypes, and so on).

A record type can be defined either explicitly or implicitly.

The way to reference fields in the record type variables is by using variable.attribute.

An explicit declaration means that you first define your own datatype and then create a variable of that type.

Explicit Record Type

SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
  2    ID                 VARCHAR2(BYTE)         NOT NULL,
  3    First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  4    Last_Name          VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  5    Start_Date         DATE,
  6    End_Date           DATE,
  7    Salary             Number(8,2),
  8    City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  9    Description        VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
 10  )
 11  /
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2               values ('01','Jason',    'Martin',  to_date('19960725','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('20060725','YYYYMMDD'), 1234.56'Toronto',  'Programmer')
  3  /

row created.

SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values('02','Alison',   'Mathews', to_date('19760321','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19860221','YYYYMMDD'), 6661.78'Vancouver','Tester')
  3  /

row created.

SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values('03','James',    'Smith',   to_date('19781212','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19900315','YYYYMMDD'), 6544.78'Vancouver','Tester')
  3  /

row created.

SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values('04','Celia',    'Rice',    to_date('19821024','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19990421','YYYYMMDD'), 2344.78'Vancouver','Manager')
  3  /

row created.

SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values('05','Robert',   'Black',   to_date('19840115','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19980808','YYYYMMDD'), 2334.78'Vancouver','Tester')
  3  /

row created.

SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values('06','Linda',    'Green',   to_date('19870730','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19960104','YYYYMMDD'), 4322.78,'New York',  'Tester')
  3  /

row created.

SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values('07','David',    'Larry',   to_date('19901231','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19980212','YYYYMMDD'), 7897.78,'New York',  'Manager')
  3  /

row created.

SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values('08','James',    'Cat',     to_date('19960917','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('20020415','YYYYMMDD'), 1232.78,'Vancouver', 'Tester')
  3  /

row created.

SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select from Employee
  2  /

ID   FIRST_NAME           LAST_NAME            START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- -------------------- -------------------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
02   Alison               Mathews              21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86    6661.78 Vancouver  Tester
03   James                Smith                12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90    6544.78 Vancouver  Tester
04   Celia                Rice                 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99    2344.78 Vancouver  Manager
05   Robert               Black                15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98    2334.78 Vancouver  Tester
06   Linda                Green                30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96    4322.78 New York   Tester
07   David                Larry                31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98    7897.78 New York   Manager
08   James                Cat                  17-SEP-96 15-APR-02    1232.78 Vancouver  Tester

rows selected.

SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> declare
  2      type emp_ty is record (emp_tx VARCHAR2(256),deptNo employee.id%TYPE);
  3      v_emp_rty emp_ty;
  4  begin
  5      select id ||' '||first_Name,  id into v_emp_rty from employee where id='01';
  6      DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Emp:'||v_emp_rty.emp_tx||'('||v_emp_rty.deptno||')');
  7  end;
  8  /
Emp:01 Jason(01)

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
  2  /

Table dropped.
21. 30. RECORD
21. 30. 1. Records
21. 30. 2. Accessing Individual Record elements
21. 30. 3. Accessing an entire record
21. 30. 4. Testing for equality of records
21. 30. 5. Record Variables Based on Tables
21. 30. 6. Record Variables
21. 30. 7. Create Record based on table column type
21. 30. 8. Implicit Declaration
21. 30. 9. Assigning Record Variables
21. 30. 10. Using the Record Datatype and its limitation
21. 30. 11. Records based on tables can also be used in a SELECT statement
21. 30. 12. Inserts and updates using record variables
21. 30. 13. Using Records with 'select into'
21. 30. 14. Retrieving Cursor Variables with a Record Variable
21. 30. 15. Looping through Records in a Cursor
21. 30. 16. Looping through multiple records
21. 30. 17. Perform a field-by-field comparison
21. 30. 18. Passing Variables without Copying
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