DATE_FORMAT() : DATE_FORMAT « Date Time Functions « MySQL Tutorial

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MySQL Tutorial » Date Time Functions » DATE_FORMAT 
14. 11. 1. DATE_FORMAT()

DATE_FORMAT() function formats the date by specifying a sequence of format strings.

A string is composed of the percentage symbol '%' followed by a formatting letter.

These are some of the more common strings to use:

SpecifierDescription
%aAbbreviated weekday name (Sun..Sat)
%bAbbreviated month name (Jan..Dec)
%cMonth, numeric (0..12)
%DDay of the month with English suffix (0th, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, )
%dDay of the month, numeric (00..31)
%eDay of the month, numeric (0..31)
%fMicroseconds (000000..999999)
%HHour (00..23)
%hHour (01..12)
%IHour (01..12)
%iMinutes, numeric (00..59)
%jDay of year (001..366)
%kHour (0..23)
%lHour (1..12)
%MMonth name (January..December)
%mMonth, numeric (00..12)
%pAM or PM
%rTime, 12-hour (hh:mm:ss followed by AM or PM)
%SSeconds (00..59)
%sSeconds (00..59)
%TTime, 24-hour (hh:mm:ss)
%UWeek (00..53), where Sunday is the first day of the week
%uWeek (00..53), where Monday is the first day of the week
%VWeek (01..53), where Sunday is the first day of the week; used with %X
%vWeek (01..53), where Monday is the first day of the week; used with %x
%WWeekday name (Sunday..Saturday)
%wDay of the week (0=Sunday..6=Saturday)
%XYear for the week where Sunday is the first day of the week, numeric, four digits; used with %V
%xYear for the week, where Monday is the first day of the week, numeric, four digits; used with %v
%YYear, numeric, four digits
%yYear, numeric (two digits)
%%A literal '%' character
%xx, for any 'x' not listed above


Upper and Lowercase letters in the string make a difference.

When arranging these strings into a sequence you can intersperse 'normal' characters.

Syntax:

DATE_FORMAT(date, sequence)
mysql>
mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(
    ->     id            int,
    ->     first_name    VARCHAR(15),
    ->     last_name     VARCHAR(15),
    ->     start_date    DATE,
    ->     end_date      DATE,
    ->     salary        FLOAT(8,2),
    ->     city          VARCHAR(10),
    ->     description   VARCHAR(15)
    -> );
Query OK, rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql>
mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date,   salary,  City,       Description)
    ->              values (1,'Jason',    'Martin',  '19960725',  '20060725', 1234.56'Toronto',  'Programmer');
Query OK, row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date,   salary,  City,       Description)
    ->               values(2,'Alison',   'Mathews',  '19760321', '19860221', 6661.78'Vancouver','Tester');
Query OK, row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date,   salary,  City,       Description)
    ->               values(3,'James',    'Smith',    '19781212', '19900315', 6544.78'Vancouver','Tester');
Query OK, row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date,   salary,  City,       Description)
    ->               values(4,'Celia',    'Rice',     '19821024', '19990421', 2344.78'Vancouver','Manager');
Query OK, row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date,   salary,  City,       Description)
    ->               values(5,'Robert',   'Black',    '19840115', '19980808', 2334.78'Vancouver','Tester');
Query OK, row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date,   salary,  City,       Description)
    ->               values(6,'Linda',    'Green',    '19870730', '19960104', 4322.78,'New York',  'Tester');
Query OK, row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date,   salary,  City,       Description)
    ->               values(7,'David',    'Larry',    '19901231', '19980212', 7897.78,'New York',  'Manager');
Query OK, row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date,   salary,  City,       Description)
    ->               values(8,'James',    'Cat',     '19960917',  '20020415', 1232.78,'Vancouver', 'Tester');
Query OK, row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>
mysql> select from Employee;
+------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+
| id   | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date   | salary  | city      | description |
+------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+
|    | Jason      | Martin    | 1996-07-25 2006-07-25 1234.56 | Toronto   | Programmer  |
|    | Alison     | Mathews   | 1976-03-21 1986-02-21 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester      |
|    | James      | Smith     | 1978-12-12 1990-03-15 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester      |
|    | Celia      | Rice      | 1982-10-24 1999-04-21 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager     |
|    | Robert     | Black     | 1984-01-15 1998-08-08 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester      |
|    | Linda      | Green     | 1987-07-30 1996-01-04 4322.78 | New York  | Tester      |
|    | David      | Larry     | 1990-12-31 1998-02-12 7897.78 | New York  | Manager     |
|    | James      | Cat       | 1996-09-17 2002-04-15 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester      |
+------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+
rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> SELECT first_name, DATE_FORMAT(start_date, '%d-%m-%Y')
    -> FROM employee;
+------------+-------------------------------------+
| first_name | DATE_FORMAT(start_date, '%d-%m-%Y') |
+------------+-------------------------------------+
| Jason      | 25-07-1996                          |
| Alison     | 21-03-1976                          |
| James      | 12-12-1978                          |
| Celia      | 24-10-1982                          |
| Robert     | 15-01-1984                          |
| Linda      | 30-07-1987                          |
| David      | 31-12-1990                          |
| James      | 17-09-1996                          |
+------------+-------------------------------------+
rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>
mysql>
mysql> drop table Employee;
Query OK, rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>
14. 11. DATE_FORMAT
14. 11. 1. DATE_FORMAT()
14. 11. 2. Dates can also be formatted in 'plain english'
14. 11. 3. Using DATE_FORMAT() with an alias to tidy up the title
14. 11. 4. %a: Abbreviated weekday name (Sun..Sat)
14. 11. 5. %b: Abbreviated month name (Jan..Dec)
14. 11. 6. %c: Month, numeric (0..12)
14. 11. 7. %D: Day of the month with English suffix (0th, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ...)
14. 11. 8. %d: Day of the month, numeric (00..31)
14. 11. 9. %e: Day of the month, numeric (0..31)
14. 11. 10. %f: Microseconds (000000..999999)
14. 11. 11. %H: Hour (00..23)
14. 11. 12. %h: Hour (01..12)
14. 11. 13. %I: Hour (01..12)
14. 11. 14. %i: Minutes, numeric (00..59)
14. 11. 15. %j: Day of year (001..366)
14. 11. 16. %k: Hour (0..23)
14. 11. 17. %l: Hour (1..12)
14. 11. 18. %M: Month name (January..December)
14. 11. 19. %m: Month, numeric (00..12)
14. 11. 20. %p: AM or PM
14. 11. 21. %r: Time, 12-hour (hh:mm:ss followed by AM or PM)
14. 11. 22. %S: Seconds (00..59)
14. 11. 23. %T: Time, 24-hour (hh:mm:ss)
14. 11. 24. %U: Week (00..53), where Sunday is the first day of the week
14. 11. 25. %u: Week (00..53), where Monday is the first day of the week
14. 11. 26. %V: Week (01..53), where Sunday is the first day of the week; used with %X
14. 11. 27. %v: Week (01..53), where Monday is the first day of the week
14. 11. 28. %W: Weekday name (Sunday..Saturday)
14. 11. 29. %w: Day of the week (0=Sunday..6=Saturday)
14. 11. 30. %X: Year for the week where Sunday is the first day of the week, numeric, four digits
14. 11. 31. %x: Year for the week, where Monday is the first day of the week, numeric, four digits
14. 11. 32. %Y: Year, numeric, four digits
14. 11. 33. %y: Year, numeric (two digits)
14. 11. 34. %%: A literal '%' character
14. 11. 35. SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1997-10-04 22:23:00', '%W %M %Y');
14. 11. 36. SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1997-10-04 22:23:00', '%H:%i:%s');
14. 11. 37. SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1997-10-04 22:23:00','%D %y %a %d %m %b %j');
14. 11. 38. SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1997-10-04 22:23:00','%H %k %I %r %T %S %w');
14. 11. 39. SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1999-01-01', '%X %V');
14. 11. 40. SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2006-06-00', '%d');
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