# Copyright (C) 2003-2005 Peter J. Verveer
#
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# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
# are met:
#
# 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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# 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
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# disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
# with the distribution.
#
# 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote
# products derived from this software without specific prior
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# OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
# WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
# ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY
# DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
# DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE
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import math
import numpy
import _ni_support
import _nd_image
def _extend_mode_to_code(mode):
mode = _ni_support._extend_mode_to_code(mode)
return mode
def spline_filter1d(input, order = 3, axis = -1, output = numpy.float64,
output_type = None):
"""
Calculates a one-dimensional spline filter along the given axis.
The lines of the array along the given axis are filtered by a
spline filter. The order of the spline must be >= 2 and <= 5.
Parameters
----------
input : array_like
The input array.
order : int, optional
The order of the spline, default is 3.
axis : int, optional
The axis along which the spline filter is applied. Default is the last
axis.
output : ndarray or dtype, optional
The array in which to place the output, or the dtype of the returned
array. Default is `numpy.float64`.
output_type : dtype, optional
DEPRECATED, DO NOT USE. If used, a RuntimeError is raised.
Returns
-------
return_value : ndarray or None
The filtered input. If `output` is given as a parameter, None is
returned.
"""
if order < 0 or order > 5:
raise RuntimeError, 'spline order not supported'
input = numpy.asarray(input)
if numpy.iscomplexobj(input):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input,
output_type)
if order in [0, 1]:
output[...] = numpy.array(input)
else:
axis = _ni_support._check_axis(axis, input.ndim)
_nd_image.spline_filter1d(input, order, axis, output)
return return_value
def spline_filter(input, order = 3, output = numpy.float64,
output_type = None):
"""
Multi-dimensional spline filter.
For more details, see `spline_filter1d`.
See Also
--------
spline_filter1d
Notes
-----
The multi-dimensional filter is implemented as a sequence of
one-dimensional spline filters. The intermediate arrays are stored
in the same data type as the output. Therefore, for output types
with a limited precision, the results may be imprecise because
intermediate results may be stored with insufficient precision.
"""
if order < 2 or order > 5:
raise RuntimeError, 'spline order not supported'
input = numpy.asarray(input)
if numpy.iscomplexobj(input):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input,
output_type)
if order not in [0, 1] and input.ndim > 0:
for axis in range(input.ndim):
spline_filter1d(input, order, axis, output = output)
input = output
else:
output[...] = input[...]
return return_value
def geometric_transform(input, mapping, output_shape = None,
output_type = None, output = None, order = 3,
mode = 'constant', cval = 0.0, prefilter = True,
extra_arguments = (), extra_keywords = {}):
"""
Apply an arbritrary geometric transform.
The given mapping function is used to find, for each point in the
output, the corresponding coordinates in the input. The value of the
input at those coordinates is determined by spline interpolation of
the requested order.
Parameters
----------
input : array_like
The input array.
mapping : callable
A callable object that accepts a tuple of length equal to the output
array rank, and returns the corresponding input coordinates as a tuple
of length equal to the input array rank.
output_shape : tuple of ints
Shape tuple.
output : ndarray or dtype, optional
The array in which to place the output, or the dtype of the returned
array.
output_type : dtype, optional
DEPRECATED, DO NOT USE. If used, a RuntimeError is raised.
order : int, optional
The order of the spline interpolation, default is 3.
The order has to be in the range 0-5.
mode : str, optional
Points outside the boundaries of the input are filled according
to the given mode ('constant', 'nearest', 'reflect' or 'wrap').
Default is 'constant'.
cval : scalar, optional
Value used for points outside the boundaries of the input if
``mode='constant'``. Default is 0.0
prefilter : bool, optional
The parameter prefilter determines if the input is pre-filtered with
`spline_filter` before interpolation (necessary for spline
interpolation of order > 1). If False, it is assumed that the input is
already filtered. Default is True.
extra_arguments : tuple, optional
Extra arguments passed to `mapping`.
extra_keywords : dict, optional
Extra keywords passed to `mapping`.
Returns
-------
return_value : ndarray or None
The filtered input. If `output` is given as a parameter, None is
returned.
See Also
--------
map_coordinates, affine_transform, spline_filter1d
Examples
--------
>>> a = np.arange(12.).reshape((4, 3))
>>> def shift_func(output_coords):
... return (output_coords[0] - 0.5, output_coords[1] - 0.5)
...
>>> sp.ndimage.geometric_transform(a, shift_func)
array([[ 0. , 0. , 0. ],
[ 0. , 1.362, 2.738],
[ 0. , 4.812, 6.187],
[ 0. , 8.263, 9.637]])
"""
if order < 0 or order > 5:
raise RuntimeError, 'spline order not supported'
input = numpy.asarray(input)
if numpy.iscomplexobj(input):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
if output_shape is None:
output_shape = input.shape
if input.ndim < 1 or len(output_shape) < 1:
raise RuntimeError, 'input and output rank must be > 0'
mode = _extend_mode_to_code(mode)
if prefilter and order > 1:
filtered = spline_filter(input, order, output = numpy.float64)
else:
filtered = input
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input,
output_type, shape = output_shape)
_nd_image.geometric_transform(filtered, mapping, None, None, None,
output, order, mode, cval, extra_arguments, extra_keywords)
return return_value
def map_coordinates(input, coordinates, output_type = None, output = None,
order = 3, mode = 'constant', cval = 0.0, prefilter = True):
"""
Map the input array to new coordinates by interpolation.
The array of coordinates is used to find, for each point in the output,
the corresponding coordinates in the input. The value of the input at
those coordinates is determined by spline interpolation of the
requested order.
The shape of the output is derived from that of the coordinate
array by dropping the first axis. The values of the array along
the first axis are the coordinates in the input array at which the
output value is found.
Parameters
----------
input : ndarray
The input array.
coordinates : array_like
The coordinates at which `input` is evaluated.
output : ndarray or dtype, optional
The array in which to place the output, or the dtype of the returned
array.
output_type : dtype, optional
DEPRECATED, DO NOT USE. If used, a RuntimeError is raised.
order : int, optional
The order of the spline interpolation, default is 3.
The order has to be in the range 0-5.
mode : str, optional
Points outside the boundaries of the input are filled according
to the given mode ('constant', 'nearest', 'reflect' or 'wrap').
Default is 'constant'.
cval : scalar, optional
Value used for points outside the boundaries of the input if
``mode='constant'``. Default is 0.0
prefilter : bool, optional
The parameter prefilter determines if the input is pre-filtered with
`spline_filter` before interpolation (necessary for spline
interpolation of order > 1). If False, it is assumed that the input is
already filtered. Default is True.
Returns
-------
return_value : ndarray
The result of transforming the input. The shape of the output is
derived from that of `coordinates` by dropping the first axis.
See Also
--------
spline_filter, geometric_transform, scipy.interpolate
Examples
--------
>>> import scipy.ndimage
>>> a = np.arange(12.).reshape((4, 3))
>>> a
array([[ 0., 1., 2.],
[ 3., 4., 5.],
[ 6., 7., 8.],
[ 9., 10., 11.]])
>>> sp.ndimage.map_coordinates(a, [[0.5, 2], [0.5, 1]], order=1)
[ 2. 7.]
Above, the interpolated value of a[0.5, 0.5] gives output[0], while
a[2, 1] is output[1].
>>> inds = np.array([[0.5, 2], [0.5, 4]])
>>> sp.ndimage.map_coordinates(a, inds, order=1, cval=-33.3)
array([ 2. , -33.3])
>>> sp.ndimage.map_coordinates(a, inds, order=1, mode='nearest')
array([ 2., 8.])
>>> sp.ndimage.map_coordinates(a, inds, order=1, cval=0, output=bool)
array([ True, False], dtype=bool
"""
if order < 0 or order > 5:
raise RuntimeError, 'spline order not supported'
input = numpy.asarray(input)
if numpy.iscomplexobj(input):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
coordinates = numpy.asarray(coordinates)
if numpy.iscomplexobj(coordinates):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
output_shape = coordinates.shape[1:]
if input.ndim < 1 or len(output_shape) < 1:
raise RuntimeError, 'input and output rank must be > 0'
if coordinates.shape[0] != input.ndim:
raise RuntimeError, 'invalid shape for coordinate array'
mode = _extend_mode_to_code(mode)
if prefilter and order > 1:
filtered = spline_filter(input, order, output = numpy.float64)
else:
filtered = input
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input,
output_type, shape = output_shape)
_nd_image.geometric_transform(filtered, None, coordinates, None, None,
output, order, mode, cval, None, None)
return return_value
def affine_transform(input, matrix, offset = 0.0, output_shape = None,
output_type = None, output = None, order = 3,
mode = 'constant', cval = 0.0, prefilter = True):
"""
Apply an affine transformation.
The given matrix and offset are used to find for each point in the
output the corresponding coordinates in the input by an affine
transformation. The value of the input at those coordinates is
determined by spline interpolation of the requested order. Points
outside the boundaries of the input are filled according to the given
mode.
Parameters
----------
input : ndarray
The input array.
matrix : ndarray
The matrix must be two-dimensional or can also be given as a
one-dimensional sequence or array. In the latter case, it is assumed
that the matrix is diagonal. A more efficient algorithms is then
applied that exploits the separability of the problem.
offset : float or sequence, optional
The offset into the array where the transform is applied. If a float,
`offset` is the same for each axis. If a sequence, `offset` should
contain one value for each axis.
output_shape : tuple of ints, optional
Shape tuple.
output : ndarray or dtype, optional
The array in which to place the output, or the dtype of the returned
array.
output_type : dtype, optional
DEPRECATED, DO NOT USE. If used, a RuntimeError is raised.
order : int, optional
The order of the spline interpolation, default is 3.
The order has to be in the range 0-5.
mode : str, optional
Points outside the boundaries of the input are filled according
to the given mode ('constant', 'nearest', 'reflect' or 'wrap').
Default is 'constant'.
cval : scalar, optional
Value used for points outside the boundaries of the input if
``mode='constant'``. Default is 0.0
prefilter : bool, optional
The parameter prefilter determines if the input is pre-filtered with
`spline_filter` before interpolation (necessary for spline
interpolation of order > 1). If False, it is assumed that the input is
already filtered. Default is True.
Returns
-------
return_value : ndarray or None
The transformed input. If `output` is given as a parameter, None is
returned.
"""
if order < 0 or order > 5:
raise RuntimeError, 'spline order not supported'
input = numpy.asarray(input)
if numpy.iscomplexobj(input):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
if output_shape is None:
output_shape = input.shape
if input.ndim < 1 or len(output_shape) < 1:
raise RuntimeError, 'input and output rank must be > 0'
mode = _extend_mode_to_code(mode)
if prefilter and order > 1:
filtered = spline_filter(input, order, output = numpy.float64)
else:
filtered = input
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input,
output_type, shape = output_shape)
matrix = numpy.asarray(matrix, dtype = numpy.float64)
if matrix.ndim not in [1, 2] or matrix.shape[0] < 1:
raise RuntimeError, 'no proper affine matrix provided'
if matrix.shape[0] != input.ndim:
raise RuntimeError, 'affine matrix has wrong number of rows'
if matrix.ndim == 2 and matrix.shape[1] != output.ndim:
raise RuntimeError, 'affine matrix has wrong number of columns'
if not matrix.flags.contiguous:
matrix = matrix.copy()
offset = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(offset, input.ndim)
offset = numpy.asarray(offset, dtype = numpy.float64)
if offset.ndim != 1 or offset.shape[0] < 1:
raise RuntimeError, 'no proper offset provided'
if not offset.flags.contiguous:
offset = offset.copy()
if matrix.ndim == 1:
_nd_image.zoom_shift(filtered, matrix, offset, output, order,
mode, cval)
else:
_nd_image.geometric_transform(filtered, None, None, matrix, offset,
output, order, mode, cval, None, None)
return return_value
def shift(input, shift, output_type = None, output = None, order = 3,
mode = 'constant', cval = 0.0, prefilter = True):
"""
Shift an array.
The array is shifted using spline interpolation of the requested order.
Points outside the boundaries of the input are filled according to the
given mode.
Parameters
----------
input : ndarray
The input array.
shift : float or sequence, optional
The shift along the axes. If a float, `shift` is the same for each
axis. If a sequence, `shift` should contain one value for each axis.
output : ndarray or dtype, optional
The array in which to place the output, or the dtype of the returned
array.
output_type : dtype, optional
DEPRECATED, DO NOT USE. If used, a RuntimeError is raised.
order : int, optional
The order of the spline interpolation, default is 3.
The order has to be in the range 0-5.
mode : str, optional
Points outside the boundaries of the input are filled according
to the given mode ('constant', 'nearest', 'reflect' or 'wrap').
Default is 'constant'.
cval : scalar, optional
Value used for points outside the boundaries of the input if
``mode='constant'``. Default is 0.0
prefilter : bool, optional
The parameter prefilter determines if the input is pre-filtered with
`spline_filter` before interpolation (necessary for spline
interpolation of order > 1). If False, it is assumed that the input is
already filtered. Default is True.
Returns
-------
return_value : ndarray or None
The shifted input. If `output` is given as a parameter, None is
returned.
"""
if order < 0 or order > 5:
raise RuntimeError, 'spline order not supported'
input = numpy.asarray(input)
if numpy.iscomplexobj(input):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
if input.ndim < 1:
raise RuntimeError, 'input and output rank must be > 0'
mode = _extend_mode_to_code(mode)
if prefilter and order > 1:
filtered = spline_filter(input, order, output = numpy.float64)
else:
filtered = input
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input,
output_type)
shift = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(shift, input.ndim)
shift = [-ii for ii in shift]
shift = numpy.asarray(shift, dtype = numpy.float64)
if not shift.flags.contiguous:
shift = shift.copy()
_nd_image.zoom_shift(filtered, None, shift, output, order, mode, cval)
return return_value
def zoom(input, zoom, output_type = None, output = None, order = 3,
mode = 'constant', cval = 0.0, prefilter = True):
"""
Zoom an array.
The array is zoomed using spline interpolation of the requested order.
Parameters
----------
input : ndarray
The input array.
zoom : float or sequence, optional
The zoom factor along the axes. If a float, `zoom` is the same for each
axis. If a sequence, `zoom` should contain one value for each axis.
output : ndarray or dtype, optional
The array in which to place the output, or the dtype of the returned
array.
output_type : dtype, optional
DEPRECATED, DO NOT USE. If used, a RuntimeError is raised.
order : int, optional
The order of the spline interpolation, default is 3.
The order has to be in the range 0-5.
mode : str, optional
Points outside the boundaries of the input are filled according
to the given mode ('constant', 'nearest', 'reflect' or 'wrap').
Default is 'constant'.
cval : scalar, optional
Value used for points outside the boundaries of the input if
``mode='constant'``. Default is 0.0
prefilter : bool, optional
The parameter prefilter determines if the input is pre-filtered with
`spline_filter` before interpolation (necessary for spline
interpolation of order > 1). If False, it is assumed that the input is
already filtered. Default is True.
Returns
-------
return_value : ndarray or None
The zoomed input. If `output` is given as a parameter, None is
returned.
"""
if order < 0 or order > 5:
raise RuntimeError, 'spline order not supported'
input = numpy.asarray(input)
if numpy.iscomplexobj(input):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
if input.ndim < 1:
raise RuntimeError, 'input and output rank must be > 0'
mode = _extend_mode_to_code(mode)
if prefilter and order > 1:
filtered = spline_filter(input, order, output = numpy.float64)
else:
filtered = input
zoom = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(zoom, input.ndim)
output_shape = tuple([int(ii * jj) for ii, jj in zip(input.shape, zoom)])
zoom = (numpy.array(input.shape)-1)/(numpy.array(output_shape,float)-1)
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input,
output_type, shape = output_shape)
zoom = numpy.asarray(zoom, dtype = numpy.float64)
zoom = numpy.ascontiguousarray(zoom)
_nd_image.zoom_shift(filtered, zoom, None, output, order, mode, cval)
return return_value
def _minmax(coor, minc, maxc):
if coor[0] < minc[0]:
minc[0] = coor[0]
if coor[0] > maxc[0]:
maxc[0] = coor[0]
if coor[1] < minc[1]:
minc[1] = coor[1]
if coor[1] > maxc[1]:
maxc[1] = coor[1]
return minc, maxc
def rotate(input, angle, axes = (1, 0), reshape = True,
output_type = None, output = None, order = 3,
mode = 'constant', cval = 0.0, prefilter = True):
"""
Rotate an array.
The array is rotated in the plane defined by the two axes given by the
`axes` parameter using spline interpolation of the requested order.
Parameters
----------
input : ndarray
The input array.
angle : float
The rotation angle in degrees.
axes : tuple of 2 ints, optional
The two axes that define the plane of rotation. Default is the first
two axes.
reshape : bool, optional
If `reshape` is true, the output shape is adapted so that the input
array is contained completely in the output. Default is True.
output : ndarray or dtype, optional
The array in which to place the output, or the dtype of the returned
array.
output_type : dtype, optional
DEPRECATED, DO NOT USE. If used, a RuntimeError is raised.
order : int, optional
The order of the spline interpolation, default is 3.
The order has to be in the range 0-5.
mode : str, optional
Points outside the boundaries of the input are filled according
to the given mode ('constant', 'nearest', 'reflect' or 'wrap').
Default is 'constant'.
cval : scalar, optional
Value used for points outside the boundaries of the input if
``mode='constant'``. Default is 0.0
prefilter : bool, optional
The parameter prefilter determines if the input is pre-filtered with
`spline_filter` before interpolation (necessary for spline
interpolation of order > 1). If False, it is assumed that the input is
already filtered. Default is True.
Returns
-------
return_value : ndarray or None
The rotated input. If `output` is given as a parameter, None is
returned.
"""
input = numpy.asarray(input)
axes = list(axes)
rank = input.ndim
if axes[0] < 0:
axes[0] += rank
if axes[1] < 0:
axes[1] += rank
if axes[0] < 0 or axes[1] < 0 or axes[0] > rank or axes[1] > rank:
raise RuntimeError, 'invalid rotation plane specified'
if axes[0] > axes[1]:
axes = axes[1], axes[0]
angle = numpy.pi / 180 * angle
m11 = math.cos(angle)
m12 = math.sin(angle)
m21 = -math.sin(angle)
m22 = math.cos(angle)
matrix = numpy.array([[m11, m12],
[m21, m22]], dtype = numpy.float64)
iy = input.shape[axes[0]]
ix = input.shape[axes[1]]
if reshape:
mtrx = numpy.array([[ m11, -m21],
[-m12, m22]], dtype = numpy.float64)
minc = [0, 0]
maxc = [0, 0]
coor = numpy.dot(mtrx, [0, ix])
minc, maxc = _minmax(coor, minc, maxc)
coor = numpy.dot(mtrx, [iy, 0])
minc, maxc = _minmax(coor, minc, maxc)
coor = numpy.dot(mtrx, [iy, ix])
minc, maxc = _minmax(coor, minc, maxc)
oy = int(maxc[0] - minc[0] + 0.5)
ox = int(maxc[1] - minc[1] + 0.5)
else:
oy = input.shape[axes[0]]
ox = input.shape[axes[1]]
offset = numpy.zeros((2,), dtype = numpy.float64)
offset[0] = float(oy) / 2.0 - 0.5
offset[1] = float(ox) / 2.0 - 0.5
offset = numpy.dot(matrix, offset)
tmp = numpy.zeros((2,), dtype = numpy.float64)
tmp[0] = float(iy) / 2.0 - 0.5
tmp[1] = float(ix) / 2.0 - 0.5
offset = tmp - offset
output_shape = list(input.shape)
output_shape[axes[0]] = oy
output_shape[axes[1]] = ox
output_shape = tuple(output_shape)
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input,
output_type, shape = output_shape)
if input.ndim <= 2:
affine_transform(input, matrix, offset, output_shape, None, output,
order, mode, cval, prefilter)
else:
coordinates = []
size = numpy.product(input.shape,axis=0)
size /= input.shape[axes[0]]
size /= input.shape[axes[1]]
for ii in range(input.ndim):
if ii not in axes:
coordinates.append(0)
else:
coordinates.append(slice(None, None, None))
iter_axes = range(input.ndim)
iter_axes.reverse()
iter_axes.remove(axes[0])
iter_axes.remove(axes[1])
os = (output_shape[axes[0]], output_shape[axes[1]])
for ii in range(size):
ia = input[tuple(coordinates)]
oa = output[tuple(coordinates)]
affine_transform(ia, matrix, offset, os, None, oa, order, mode,
cval, prefilter)
for jj in iter_axes:
if coordinates[jj] < input.shape[jj] - 1:
coordinates[jj] += 1
break
else:
coordinates[jj] = 0
return return_value
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